For each of the components, use Fig 23-2 to calculate the gal/lb mole. To get gallons per standard cubic foot of gas, multiply these figures by the mole fraction of each component and divide by 379.49 scf/mol. The GPM of each component is then calculated by multiplying this amount by 1000.
What does GPM mean in the context of natural gas?
1. Gallons per thousand cubic feet of gas is a standard unit of measurement for the ngl con- tent of natural gas (gPm). Dry gas normally contains about 1 gPm, however wet gas can have a wide range of ngl concentration.
What is the formula for calculating natural gas?
With natural gas usage on the rise, many applications for thermal energy that formerly relied on other fuels, such as steam or hot water, may be candidates for conversion to natural gas. Given the current price differential between natural gas and propane, I believe propane will be used mostly as a backup fuel in the event of gas shortages.
We’ll focus on quick calculation formats so you can select gas line sizes, pressure regulators, control valves, and related equipment based on flow rates in cubic feet per hour. We’ll progress from simple to more difficult computations.
New natural gas equipment will have a BTU per hour rating. Let’s say you want to replace a steam unit heater with a new gas-fired one that can produce 100,000 BTU/HR.
The required flow rate for this new unit heater would be 1000 CFH (100,000 1000) using our rounded safe value of 1000 BTU per cubic foot on natural gas.
Steam or hot water coils are used to heat the air in many air heating applications. If you’re thinking about switching to natural gas, here’s a handy formula for calculating the gas flow rate.
Finding data on air flows when undertaking a retrofit to an old system can be a significant difficulty. This formula may be useful if you find yourself in this circumstance.
Measure the velocity in the air duct with an air velocity meter for the best accuracy. If that isn’t practicable, most HVAC heating applications have an air velocity of 500 to 700 feet per minute. When it comes to process air, the range can be anything from 500 to 1200 feet per minute, therefore measuring air velocities is a good idea.
Check the web for sites that provide engineering information for various air heating applications, such as
Natural gas, like other forms of heat, can be a suitable alternative for heating water and reaping the benefits of natural gas. The following is a fast formula for calculating gas flows:
The rate of temperature rise is used in heating calculations. With a little arithmetic, you may get an equivalent gallons per minute figure if you’re heating a quantity of water from an initial to a final temperature over a period of time.
Assume you want to heat 100 gallons of water from 60 degrees to 180 degrees Fahrenheit in ten minutes. 10 GPM (100 Gallons 10 minutes) is the same as heating 100 gallons of water in 10 minutes.
Many heating applications could be better served by looking at natural gas as a replacement energy source, especially with the emphasis on green and efficient operations and chances to replace other fossil fuels.
On a gas analysis, what does gpm mean?
This is the fifth installment in a five-part series on the Golden Age of Natural Gas Processors.
The first four parts looked at the 50X crude-to-gas ratio, the impact of increased NGL output on prices, the value added by gas processing, and who gets the money.
Today, we’ll look at the massive margins that a gas processor may generate if they have access to the correct gas streams.
The data in Tables 1 and 2 at the bottom of this page has been updated from earlier postings in this series. They demonstrate how, at today’s natural gas and natural gas liquids pricing, a typical processing facility producing 10,000 BPD of liquids in a typical yield pattern will create $13.9 MM in product value and $11.7 MM in value uplift every month.
Table 3 (below) translates this into bottom-line profitability for our representative gas plant based on DCP Midstream’s contract mix and charge structure.
Note that instead of the DCP margins anticipated in Part IV, this calculation uses the uplift margin from Table 2 for keep-whole and POP, and adjusts for the BTU content of the inlet volume gas.
This time, the top line figure is $3.5 million every month.
This week, we’ve added $1.1 million in average operating costs for a factory of this scale, resulting in an EBITDA of $2.4 million per month. Isn’t that a good return on investment?
Yes, most firms are pretty good. However, in 2012, this is a pittance in the natural gas processing business. The reason for this is the gas’s BTU content. This gas has a low octane rating. We’ll return to economics in a moment, but first, let’s talk about the difference between lean and rich gas, as measured by the BTU and GPM of the gas.
GPM stands for gallons per thousand cubic feet (MCF) of gas processed, and it refers to the amount of NGLs produced per thousand cubic feet (MCF) of gas treated.
The more gallons you obtain from your petrol, the richer it is.
The BTU content of a typical lean stream is 1,050 or less.
That’s gas that’s fit for a pipeline.
That gas has a GPM of 1-2.
On our sample gas plant, we can easily determine the GPM.
NGL output is 10,000 barrels per day multiplied by 42 equals 420,000 gallons per day.
On an MCF basis, our input volume of 250,000 produces a GPM of 1.68.
The BTU content of our representative mix of NGL products is around 1,100.
Our plant can extract 1.68 gallons of NGLs per 1,000 cubic feet of natural gas.
The normal ranges of BTU and GPM numbers are shown in Table 4.
Our plant is in the lean area in terms of GPM but just above the rich line in terms of BTU.
Processing this gas stream makes a lot of financial sense.
However, in terms of gas quality, processing is only minimally necessary.
There were instances when this lean gas was not processed in various sections of the country.
So, what occurs when a gas that is richer is processed?
Let’s have a look at the numbers.
What if our test plant produced double the number of NGL barrels from the same amount of gas?
20,000 b/d multiplied by 42 equals 840,000 gallons per day.
The GPM is 3.36 when divided by 250,000.
That’s a lot, but it’s not unheard of in today’s wet matches.
Consider it.
From the same amount of gas, you can get twice as much product. It’s twice as much shrinkage (BTUs eliminated from the gas), but that volume is priced at natural gas prices, which range from $400k to $800k per month a drop in the bucket compared to income. So we simply added $3.0 million to gross margin and over $3 million to EBITDA. The costs are comparable (assuming of course, our plant has the capacity to produce and transport this volume of liquids). Profits, on the other hand, have increased by 225 percent.
How can you figure out your overall gas load?
Gather detailed information on the make, model, and MJ/hr rating of each appliance by consulting the specification notes. The MJ/hr value indicates how much gas the appliance uses per hour. The total appliance gas load is calculated by summing the MJ/hr ratings of all gas appliances together.
Is there a difference between NGL and LNG?
It’s important to note that methane is a dry gas, not an NGL or an LPG. It can stand on its own as LNG. To summarize, natural gas liquids (NGLs) include ethane, propane, butane, isobutane, and natural gasoline. They are formed when natural gas is extracted.
What is the formula for calculating the flow rate of a gas pipe?
The radius of the pipe should be squared. With a radius of 0.05 meters, for example, 0.05 2 = 0.0025. Multiply this result by the pressure decrease in pascals over the pipe. 0.0025 x 80,000 = 200, for example, with a pressure decrease of 80,000 pascals.
How can you figure out how much gas is in a pipeline?
A pipe is a hollow cylinder in shape. But, exactly, what is a cylinder? Every day, we see them all around us. It’s a solid having two circular bases that are always congruent and parallel to one another. A rectangle is formed by the ‘unrolled’ side of a cylinder. The distance between the bases determines the height of a cylinder (in case of a pipe, it is its length). The cylinder’s radius equals the radius of its base. Keep in mind that the diameter of a cylinder is the radius multiplied by two. As a result, you must halve the diameter for computations.
A 3-dimensional solid’s volume is the amount of space it takes up. It is the inside volume of a pipe (you need to take the inner diameter instead of the outer one).
We use cubic units to express volume (for metric cm3, dm3, m3, and for imperial in3 and ft3). To ensure accurate answers, utilize the same unit throughout the entire calculation.
The volume of a cylinder is calculated using the formula: cylinder volume = * radius2 * height.
Instead of height, use the length of a pipe: pipe volume = * radius2 * length, where radius is the inner diameter divided by the length. A pipe’s volume is equal to the volume of the liquid inside it (if a pipe is fully filled with it). The converted density formula is used to calculate the liquid’s mass. So, liquid mass = volume * liquid density, and vice versa.
What is the formula for converting PSI to GPM?
Multiply the square root of the value obtained in step 3 by the pipe’s cross-sectional area.
Congrats! From the PSI value on the pressure gauge, you estimated the flow rate in gallons per minute (GPM).