It’s hefty. Several refining procedures are used to recover the lighter hydrocarbons in the oil production process. What’s left is a sludge-like residue left over following the oil refining process’ conclusion. It has a thick consistency (similar to peanut butter) and is known to contain a variety of chemicals that can cause a variety of health problems. To assist a vessel float, Heavy Fuel Oil must be combined with lighter fuels like Diesel.
Number 6 Fuel Oil (Bunker C) and Very Low Sulfur Fuel Oil are two technical names for the same commodity (VLSFO).
Fuel oil, heavy oil, marine fuel, furnace oil, marine heavy fuel oil, bunker oil, and bunker fuel are all terms that are used interchangeably.
These are all different names for the same thing: the oil that is transported on board and used to power the ship’s engine.
It’s bulky, and it’s used to power the ship’s engine.
A word about units: in oil spills, units are frequently interchanged. Because the number of gallons (volume) always sounds larger than the number of metric tonnes (weight), oil spills are frequently reported in metric tonnes. Once the fuel grade is determined, switching from one to the other is simple.
Petrol vs Diesel : Performance Compared
Diesel engines are often heavier than gasoline engines, making them slower. Because diesel has a greater flash point (temperature at which it catches fire) than petrol, the compression ratio of diesel engines is substantially higher. For diesel engines, the compression ratio, or the ratio between the greatest and smallest capacity of the combustion chamber, is around 22:1, but for petrol engines, it is 8:1-9:1. As a result, the engine assembly requires a heavier/denser metal.
This has two extremely visible effects on the car’s performance, notably on torque and braking horsepower (BHP). Diesel engines produce more torque as a result of a higher compression ratio (longer stroke), which means you get more acceleration off the line. This is also why diesel automobiles have a lot smaller power band, so you get greater torque but it’s distributed over a smaller region. Turbocharging, which is used on all diesel engines these days to improve efficiency, exacerbates the problem. As a result, you’ll frequently have to wait for the turbocharger to ‘wake up’ before the car’s performance can be unleashed for a brief period of time. As the torque tapers off after the surge, it’s time to shift gears once more.
In petrol engines, on the other hand, power rises in proportion to the number of revolutions. As a result, there is more usable electricity for a longer period of time. On a petrol car, chasing the needle to the red line is extremely satisfying, but even if you’re not going for it, you can’t ignore the more useful power you have over a comparable diesel. Driving a petrol car, on the other hand, is more satisfying if you say phrases like “POWER” every time you put your foot down on the throttle.
To put this into perspective, we compared the petrol and diesel versions of the Honda City. Though the diesel type produces more torque than the petrol, it does so at a lower rpm, necessitating shifting sooner than the petrol. As a result, gasoline creates more power and accelerates from 0 to 100 miles per hour faster.
Because maximum torque is available at lower revs in a diesel automobile, you can change up early. This usually results in a more relaxing drive. It’s impossible to resist the racier nature of most petrol cars for a more exhilarating experience, especially if they’ve been adjusted for better performance.
However, nothing beats taking a test drive. Don’t only look at the numbers on a piece of paper to assess performance and the economy. After driving the automobiles, you may discover that the choice you choose is the most expensive to run, but you’re willing to pay the higher price.
Is heavy oil the same thing as gasoline?
Fuel oil (also known as heavy oil, marine fuel, bunker fuel, furnace oil, or gasoil) is a byproduct of petroleum distillation (crude oil). Distillates (lighter fractions) and residues are included (the heavier fractions).
Any liquid fuel that is burned in a furnace or boiler to generate heat or used in an engine to generate power is referred to as fuel oil. Other liquid oils, such as those with a flash point of around 42 C (108 F) or those burned in cotton- or wool-wick burners, are usually excluded. Fuel oil, in a stricter sense, refers to the heaviest commercial fuels that crude oil can produce, i.e., fuels heavier than gasoline (petrol) and naphtha.
In a car, what does “heavy oil” mean?
Coal tar creosote, a wood preservative and waterproofing compound, is an example of heavy oil. Diesel is a type of fuel. Residual oil from petroleum distillation is used to make fuel oil. Heavy crude oil and viscous crude oil are two different types of crude oil.
What is heavy oil as a fuel type?
Heavy fuel oil is a by-product of the crude oil distillation process. It’s utilised to create motion and/or heat in fluids with a high viscosity and density. Heavy fuel oil is mostly utilised in the marine industry.
The quality of the residual fuel is determined by the crude oil quality. These residual fuels are combined with lighter fuels like marine gasoil or marine diesel oil to reach varied specifications and quality standards. Intermediate fuel oils (IFO) or marine diesel oil are the terms used to describe the resulting mixtures. IFO 180 and IFO 380 are the viscosity classifications and names, having viscosities of 180 mm2/s and 380 mm2/s, respectively.
Heavy fuel oil is defined by the MARPOL Marine Convention of 1973 as having a density of more than 900 kg/m3 at 15C or a kinematic viscosity of more than 180 mm2/s at 50C. Long-chain hydrocarbons and aromatics with long-branched side chains make up a major percentage of heavy fuel oils.
Marine fuels are divided into two categories by the ISO 8217 international standard: distillate marine fuels and residual marine fuels (RMA). The latter are referred to as “heavy fuel oils” as a group. The lowest viscosity quality level, RMA 10, is an anomaly, as its amount of heavy fuel oil is so minimal that it is no longer referred to be an HFO. Residual fuels, and hence all heavy fuel oils, must not contain old oil or lubricating oils, according to ISO 8217.
The sulphur oxides (SOx) content of heavy fuel oils is a crucial differentiator. Their maximum sulphur content shall not exceed 3.5 percent, according to ISO 8217. In terms of sulphur content, the following primary groups can be distinguished:
- Heavy fuel oils categorised as high-sulfur fuel oils (HSFO) with a maximum sulphur content of 3.5 percent as permitted by ISO 8217 have a maximum sulphur concentration of 3.5 percent.
- Low sulphur fuel oil (LSFO) has a maximum SOx content of 1.0 percent. These are often desulfurized marine fuels, such as IFO 180 or IFO 380.
- The term “ultra low sulphur fuel oil” (ULSFO) refers to marine gasoil with a sulphur content of less than 0.1 percent. It is entirely made up of distillates.
Is there a difference between diesel and gasoline engine oil?
The short answer is yes, diesel oil can be used in a petrol engine as long as the diesel oil fits the engine’s specs and viscosity criteria.
If your petrol engine requires API SN-compliant motor oil, for example, you can safely use a diesel oil of the appropriate viscosity if it fulfils the API SN criteria. A diesel oil isn’t required for most petrol applications, and a premium petrol motor oil is a better choice for both performance and value.
The long and short of it is that some owners of modified petrol-powered vehicles prefer diesel oils to their gasoline counterparts.
Many people believe that diesel oils are more durable and can withstand the extra heat produced by a powerful, turbocharged engine.
Others prefer higher-viscosity lubricants to guard against wear, and finding a 40- or 50-weight diesel oil is sometimes easier than finding a petrol motor oil. Others argue that diesel fuels should have more detergency.
Nyholm: It depends on the diesel oil’s parameters and the original equipment manufacturer’s advice (OEM).
Even in Australia, industry experts regard the American Petroleum Institute (API) as the primary source of information on oil quality, so we can consult their publications on the “C category of specification for diesel oil (currently CK-4)” and the “S category of specification for gasoline motor oil” (currently SN). Both the API CK-4 and SN standards are often seen in today’s diesel engine oils.
Though they’re meant for diesel engines, they can also be utilised in gasoline engines for drivers who prefer to use one oil for all of their vehicles. If all parameters are included on the diesel oil, you may rest certain that it is safe to use in both diesel and fuel applications. If the diesel oil isn’t able to carry the load, “I highly advise against using it in petrol applications (S category).
Because many motorists don’t think about oil, it’s common for them to buy based solely on viscosity. Today, many petrol engines require 5W-30, with more and more requiring 5W-20, implying that those viscosities are commonly available. If you’re looking for a 5W-40 or 15W-40 viscosity, the diesel engine oil aisle is frequently the best place to look.
Others prefer diesel oil because they believe it is a more environmentally friendly option “Heavy-duty product that must outperform gasoline motor oils.
They may have been told that diesel oil contains specific components not found in gasoline motor lubricants, such as stronger detergency additives to deal with the soot produced by diesel engines. Diesel oils are equated to higher protection in their minds.
Nyholm: A number of additives are used in the formulation of diesel and petrol oils to increase wear protection, corrosion resistance, foam resistance, viscosity retention, and other properties. Many of the same additives are employed in both petrol and diesel applications, depending on what we’re asking them to do in the formulation.
There are now additives that are designed to manage combustion by-products, and some of those by-products differ depending on whether you’re burning gasoline or diesel. If you have a petrol engine, you should use an oil with the proper additives to manage the by-products of petrol combustion. If you’re driving a diesel engine, the same rules apply.
Looking for the ideal oil for your vehicle? Our Lookup guide is available to assist you.
Nyholm: Using a diesel oil can be advantageous if your petrol engine has been significantly tuned to produce additional horsepower. To resist the extra stress, upgraded engines are likely to require a greater viscosity. Depending on your engine modifications and lubrication requirements, you can use diesel engine oils or you might wish to consider a racing oil.
Frequently, the engine builder will assist in providing insight into their level of success. Aside from that, it’s preferable to go with a petrol motor oil if you have a standard petrol-powered application.
They’re built for that kind of application and include the components needed to run the engine. Yes, you can use diesel oil in a petrol engine; but, the formula is likely to contain additional components that your petrol engine doesn’t require, thereby costing you more money.
What is the name of the diesel oil?
Diesel engines are often made from crude oil fractions that are less volatile than those used in gasoline. The fuel in diesel engines is ignited by the heat of compressed air in the cylinder, rather than by a spark as in gasoline engines, with the fuel injected as a spray into the hot compressed air. Diesel fuel produces more energy during burning than equal volumes of gasoline, resulting in improved fuel economy for diesel engines. Additionally, because diesel fuel requires fewer refining stages than gasoline, diesel fuel has typically had lower retail pricing than gasoline (depending on the location, season, and taxes and regulations). Diesel fuel, on the other hand, produces higher levels of some air pollutants like as sulphur and solid carbon particles, and the additional refining stages and emission-control devices implemented to decrease such emissions might reduce the pricing benefits of diesel over gasoline. Furthermore, diesel fuel emits more carbon dioxide per unit than gasoline, counteracting some of the efficiency gains with increased glasshouse gas emissions.
Is diesel considered a fuel oil?
A portion obtained from petroleum distillation, either as a distillate or as a residue, is known as fuel oil. Fuel oil, in general, is any liquid petroleum product that is burned in a furnace or boiler to generate heat or utilised in an engine to generate power, with the exception of oils with a flash point of around 40 degrees Celsius (104 degrees Fahrenheit) and oils burned in cotton or wool-wick burners. Diesel is a sort of fuel oil in this sense. Long hydrocarbon chains, mainly alkanes, cycloalkanes, and aromatics, make up fuel oil. Fuel oil is also used in a tighter meaning to refer only to the heaviest commercial fuel derived from crude oil, which is heavier than gasoline and naphtha.
According to its boiling point, content, and use, fuel oil is divided into six classes, numbered 1 through 6. The fuel’s boiling temperature, which ranges from 175 to 600 degrees Celsius, and carbon chain length, which ranges from 20 to 70 atoms, increase as the number of fuel oil molecules grows. The viscosity of the oil increases as the number increases, and the heaviest oil must be heated to flow. As the quantity of fuels grows, the price usually lowers.
Distillate fuel oils, diesel fuel oils, light fuel oils, gasoil, and simply distillate are some of the terms used to describe No. 1 fuel oil, No. 2 fuel oil, and No. 3 fuel oil. No. 2 fuel oil, No. 2 distillate, and No. 2 diesel fuel oil, for example, are nearly identical (diesel is different in that it also has a cetane number limit which describes the ignition quality of the fuel). Crude oil is distilled into distillate fuel oils.
Distillation is referred to as “gas oil.” The oil is heated until it turns into a gas, then it condenses. It distinguishes between distillates and residual oil. No. 1 resembles kerosene and is the percentage that boils away immediately after gasoline. No. 2 is the diesel used by trucks and some cars, hence the term “road diesel.” It’s exactly the same as heating oil. No. 3 is a distillate fuel oil that is used infrequently. No. 4 fuel oil is commonly a mixture of distillate and residual fuel oils like No. 2 and 6, however it can also be just a heavy distillate. Diesel, distillate, or residual fuel oil are all possible classifications for No. 4. The fuel oils No. 5 and No. 6 are known as residual fuel oils or heavy fuel oils. Because No. 6 is produced in significantly greater quantities than No. 5, the words heavy fuel oil and residual fuel oil are frequently used interchangeably. They are the leftovers from the distillation of crude oil to generate gasoline and distillate fuel oils. No. 5 fuel oil is made up of a 75-80% combination of No. 6 and No. 2. To satisfy standards, No. 6 may additionally contain a minor amount of No. 2.
When residual fuel oils are mixed with distillate fuel oil, they are sometimes referred to as light, whereas when distillate fuel oils are mixed with residual fuel oil, they are referred to as heavy. For example, heavy gas oil is a distillate that contains residual fuel oil. The success of catalytic cracking of gasoline to release more valuable fractions and leave heavy residue is often responsible for the readily available very heavy grades of fuel oil.
Oil is used to heat homes and businesses, as well as to power trucks, ships, and some automobiles. Diesel produces a tiny quantity of electricity, but it is more polluting and costlier than natural gas. It’s frequently utilised as a backup fuel for peaking power plants in the event that natural gas supplies are disrupted, or as the primary fuel for tiny electrical generators. In Europe, diesel is mostly used in automobiles (about 40%), SUVs (nearly 90%), and trucks. Due to the extensive use of natural gas, the market for home heating using fuel oil, also known as heating oil, has shrunk. However, in other locations, such as the Northeastern United States, it is fairly frequent.
What are the applications for heavy oil?
This is a heavy oil. Bitumen. Crude with a light sweetness. crude oil that has been synthesised Many different types of oil are produced in Western Canada and off the coast of Newfoundland and Labrador. No one type of oil is better than the others on its own. Preferences are determined by how a refinery is set up. Some are designed to process heavy oil, which produces different types and quantities of refined products than other crudes.
Heavy oil is not a terrible thing.
It’s just a little different. In fact, it’s the prefered oil for a variety of end products, including asphalt, fuel oil, and some petrochemical feedstocks.
There are more than 150 different types of crude oil in the world, according to the Canadian Fuels Association. Heavier hydrocarbons with longer carbon-plus-hydrogen molecule chains make up a higher proportion of heavy oil. Although heavy crude oils are less expensive to obtain, they are more expensive to refine due to higher energy inputs and additional processing to meet environmental criteria.
The gravity number of the American Petroleum Institute (API) is a standard for expressing the density or specific gravity of oil. The API gravity ranges from 10 to 50, with the higher the number, the lighter and more liquid the oil. The majority of crude oil is in the 20 to 45 degree range. The API gravity of heavy crude oil is less than 20. The API of Western Canadian Select (WCS), Canada’s most popular heavy crude oil stream, is normally 19 to 22. The API gravity of West Texas Intermediate (WTI) light oil produced in the United States is 40.
Refineries transform crude oils into a variety of refined goods. The refining process transforms crude oil molecules into refined products by separating, breaking, reshaping, and recombining them. While no two refineries are alike, they all have a few traits and operations in common.
Each type of crude produces a unique set of refined goods. Heavy crudes (which also generate these transportation fuels) supply feedstock for plastics, petrochemicals, other fuels, and road surface, while light crudes are largely utilised to make fuels such as gasoline, diesel, and aviation fuels. Processing cheaper heavy crude into higher-value refined products normally improves a refinery’s profit margins, as crude oil is the refinery’s main input cost.
The oil sands region in northeastern Alberta, as well as near Lloydminster on the Alberta/Saskatchewan boundary, generate the majority of Canada’s heavy oil. Oil sands activities create bitumen as a raw material. Bitumen has limited marketability on its own, not because it’s a poor product, but because it needs to be diluted with a lighter hydrocarbon to be transported by pipeline. Bitumen can be upgraded to make refined and semi-refined products, such as Western Canada Select (WCS), a heavy oil, or it can be diluted in this fashion to form a mixture known as ‘dilbit.’ Drilling wells and pushing thick oil to the surface are used to create other heavy oil.